ABSTRACT
Objective To evaluate the dietary quality of De'ang nationality residents over 18 years old in Yunnan Provinceusing the new adjusted Diet Balance Index (DBI_16), and to provide scientific basis for improving the nutritional status of De'ang residents and formulating health promotion strategies. Methods A food-frequency questionnaire was used to investigate the diet of De'ang residents, and the new adjusted dietary balance index (DBI_16) was used to evaluate the dietary quality. Results The dietary quality of De'ang nationality residents over 18 years old in Yunnan Province was in a moderately imbalanced state (DQD=42), and the main problem was insufficient dietary intake (LBS = 26). The dietary imbalance among men, 65-79 years old and low-income people was serious. The intake of milk, vegetables, fruits and aquatic products was the most insufficient and people who met the recommended intake levels of these foods were 2%, 34.7%, 31.8%, and 36%, respectively. Meanwhile, there existed the problem of excessive intakes among people studied in the present investigation. Pople who consumed more than recommended amount of Cereal food, livestock and poultry meat, and edible oil accounted for 76.9%, 60.4% and 63.5%, respectively. Conclusion The dietary structure of De'ang residents over 18 years old in Yunnan Province is unreasonable. The problems of both insufficient and excessive dietary intakes exist. Education on balance diet should be conducted to improve nutrition and health status of De'ang nationality residents.
ABSTRACT
La obesidad es un problema de salud pública. La comprensión de factores tanto emocionales como dietéticos relacionados a su desarrollo es fundamentales para abordar este problema. El objetivo del presente estudio fue analizar por sexo y edad la relación de la grasa corporal con la alimentación emocional (AE) y la calidad de la dieta (CD) en población universitaria. Se realizó un estudio transversal en el que participaron 367 estudiantes universitarios de medicina (65 % mujeres). El porcentaje de grasa se midió a través de bioimpedancia eléctrica. La alimentación emocional (AE) (emoción, familia, indiferencia, cultura y efecto del alimento) se obtuvo de la escala de AE y la calidad de la dieta (CD)a partir de índice de calidad de la dieta mexicana (ICMX) (suficiente, balanceada, completa, variada e inocua), mediante un cuestionario semicuantitativo de frecuencia de consumo de alimentos. Para identificar qué variables independientes explican el porcentaje de grasa corporal se utilizó la regresión lineal múltiple. Se encontraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre sexos, los hombres presentaron valores superiores a las mujeres en edad, peso, altura e IMC (kg/m2), mientras que las mujeres presentaron un mayor porcentaje de grasa corporal respecto a los hombres. La cultura (p=,001) y efecto del alimento (p=,006), factores de la AE, predijeron menor porcentaje de grasa corporal en hombres mayores de 20 años. Resulta necesario implementar programas de salud, que vayan encaminados a un consumo saludable de alimentos mediante actividades recreativas y con el acompañamiento de profesionales de la salud durante la universidad(AU)
Obesity is a public health problem. Understanding both emotional and dietary factors related to its development are essential to address this problem. The objective of this study was to analyze by sex and age the relationship of body fat with emotional eating (EE) and diet quality (DQ) in university population. A cross-sectional study was carried out in which 367 university medical students participated (65% women). Body fat percentage was measured through electrical bioimpedance. Emotional eating (EE) (emotion, family, indifference, culture and effect of food) was obtained from the EE scale and diet quality (DQ) from the Mexican Diet Quality Index (MDQI) (sufficient, balanced, complete, varied and innocuous), using a semi-quantitative food consumption frequency questionnaire. Multiple linear regression was used to identify which independent variables explain body fat percentage. Statistically significant differences were found between sexes, men had higher values than women in age, weight, height, and BMI (kg/m2), while women had a higher body fat percentage compared to men. Culture (p = .001) and effect of food (p = .006), factors of EE, predicted lower body fat percentage in men older than 20 years. It is necessary to implement health programs that are aimed at a healthy consumption of food through recreational activities and with the accompaniment of health professionals during university(AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Food Quality , Body Mass Index , Affective Symptoms , Overweight , Body Fat Distribution , Feeding Behavior , Obesity/physiopathology , Universities , Cardiovascular Diseases , Public Health , Student HealthABSTRACT
Objective To develop Chinese Children Dietary Index,the overall diet quality of children and adolescents; the association between overall diet quality and overweight/obesity among children in Chengdu.Methods Chinese Children Dietary Index was formulated based on the current Chinese Dietary Guidelines and Food Guide Pagoda for children and adolescents,consisting of 12components.1 997 children and adolescents aged 7-15 years in Chengdu were recruited and their diet quality was evaluated according to Chinese Food Guide Pagoda.Differences in percent body fat (PBF),fat mass index (FMI),fat-free mass index (FFMI) between 3 categories as low,moderate,and high diet quality,were tested.Results The mean Chinese Children Dietary Index score for our population was 59.36 ± 11.50.The diet quality of 13-15 years old adolescents was the worst.7-9years old children with moderate diet quality had highest PBF (P=0.04),while 10-12 years old children with higher diet quality had the lowest FFMI (P=0.002).Conclusion The overall diet quality of children and adolescents in Chengdu could be reflected by Chinese Children Dietary Index.There was association between overall diet quality and overweight/obesity among children and adolescents.However,this association warrants more in depth evaluation in future studies.
ABSTRACT
The usual intake represents the dietary intake of medium and long term; its estimate being preferable to that of the current intake. The usual intake allows comparison with values of dietary reference intake (DRI's) to establish the deficiency or excess. One hundred and sixty seven subjects between 20 and 60 years old, selected at random, completed a record of intake of foods during seven serial days. The inadequate intake was evident for folic acid (30% in men and 50% in women, p < 0.001), zinc (16% for men and 28% for women, p < 0.001) and magnesium (47% for men and 48% for women, p < 0.001). Women had a higher risk of inadequacy than men in consumption of vitamins. Except for folic acid, all studied vitamins were consumed in smaller quantities in the socioeconomic level one, showing a lineal trend (p < 0.001). Deficit in the intakes existed for some vitamins and minerals which may favour the development of chronic diseases and cardiovascular events. It is necessary to continue developing charts of composition of foods that allow a translation of the diet to nutrition, in a way more appropriate and more coherent with the type of epidemic profile and the conditions of dietary intake.
El consumo usual representa la ingesta dietética de mediano y largo plazo, su estimación es preferible a la del consumo actual. El consumo usual permite con base a los valores de referencia de ingesta dietaria (DRI`s) establecer las prevalencias de déficit o exceso. Para tal fin, encuestamos un grupo de 167 personas entre 20 y 60 años, seleccionadas al azar, quienes completaron un registro de consumo de alimentos con medidas de peso y volumen durante siete días consecutivos. La ingesta inadecuada es evidente para el ácido fólico; 30% en hombres y 50% en mujeres (p<0.001), el cinc; 16% para hombres y 28% para mujeres (p<0,001) y el magnesio; 47% para hombres y 48% para mujeres (p<0,001). Las mujeres tienen mayor riesgo de inadecuación en el consumo de vitaminas. Con excepción del ácido fólico todas las vitaminas estudiadas son consumidas en menor cantidad en el nivel socioeconómico uno; existiendo una tendencia lineal (p<0,001). Existen consumos deficitarios para algunas vitaminas y minerales que favorecen el desarrollo de eventos crónicos y cardiovasculares. Es necesario seguir desarrollando tablas de composición de alimentos que permitan una traducción de la dieta a nutrientes, más adecuada y coherente con el tipo de perfil epidemiológico y las condiciones de consumo dietario.
Subject(s)
Adult , Avitaminosis , Vitamins , Nutritional Status , Eating , Mineral Deficiency , Minerals , ColombiaABSTRACT
To revise Chinese Diet Balance Index (DBI) based on the current Chinese Dietary Guidelines and Food Guide Pagoda . Method: Seven food components [(cereals ,vegetables and fruits, bean and dairy , animal food , alcohol ,condiments (salt and edible oil))were selected in combination with food varieties and drinking water to build up Diet Balance Index Revision (DBI-07) .The components were weighed and assigned cut-offs and scores based on the Chinese Food Guide Pagoda. Three scoring methods (LBS-low bound score, HBS-high bound score, DQD-diet quality distance) were used to evaluate the dietary quality of 26300 adults aged 18 to 79 years from 2002 China National Nutrition and Health Survey. Results: The mean LBS, HBS and DQD were 11.5,30.0 and 41.5 respectively. About 78% adult were in moderate or severe deficit of food intake, 35.1% in moderate or severe surplus of food intake, and 43.8% in severe dietary imbalance. Conclusion: DBI-07 can reflect the principles of dietary guidelines, and the scoring method can reflect both deficit and surplus of food intake. DBI-07 can be used to evaluate the dietary quality of individual or the population.